Research literature states two main research paradigms or philosophies. Although there is considerable blurring, the two main research paradigms can be labelled ‘positivist’ and ‘phenomenological’ (Collis & Hussey 2003:47; Santos 2006:290). Some authors use the philosophical perspective to prevent confusion with a methodology known as phenomenology. The positivistic paradigm is alternatively known as the quantitative, objectivist, scientific, experimentalist, or traditional research paradigm. The phenomeno-logical paradigm is also known as the qualitative, subjectivist, humanistic or interpretive research paradigm (Collis & Hussey 2003:47).
研究文献指出两个主要的研究范式或哲学。虽然有相当的模糊，这两个主要的研究范式可以标记为“实证主义”和“唯象”（科利斯＆罗赫西2003:47桑托斯2006:290）。有些作者用哲学的角度来看，以防止混乱现象被称为一种方法。实证主义范式或者称为定量，客观，科学，实验者，或传统的研究范式。现象学范式的定性，主观主义，人本主义或解释性研究范式（科利斯2003:47罗赫西）也被称为。
