美国论文代写价格养老金制度的改革

by | 7-Apr-2013 | 美国代写论文

美国论文代写价格

Public pension reform
At age 65 Japan has the biggest life expectancy, but the efforts of Japan is to expand the pensionable age that has lagged behind. The population and employment ratio for the age group of 55-64 is specifically high for the males in Japan which is a necessary assumption for policymakers of Japan as they make the pension system sustainable in the aging population face. Due to less contribution levels, the average pension replacement rate of the average pension is not high in Japan. This does not essentially mean that the systems in Japan are sustainable or consistent. According to the Survey of Household of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, the public pension share of public pension benefits in the whole wages of elderly households was 68% in 2007, and about 60% of elderly households relied wholly on public pensions. The public pension and earnings benefits are 2 governing income sources for the elderly in Japan, and the corporate income or pensions share from assets has been lower relatively to date. In 2000 the new system was implemented which fixed the rate of contribution at 17.21% of earnings and has the following characteristics such as: a) actuarial advantage norms for the PAYG section which permits for a flexible age for retirement and b) a funded system for beneficiaries by using notional return rate.

 

美国论文代写价格

公共养老金制度的改革

65岁的日本最大的预期寿命,但日本的努力是为了扩大法定退休年龄的,已经落后。人口和就业的55-64岁年龄组的比例是特别高,在日本,日本决策者一个必要的假设他们的养老金制度在人口老龄化的脸的男性可持续。由于较少的贡献水平,养老金的平均的平均养老金替代率在日本不高。这基本上不意味着日本的系统可持续性或一致的。根据卫生部的家庭调查,劳动和福利,在老人的家庭整体工资的公共养老金养老金的份额为68%,2007,和对老人的家庭完全依赖于公共养老金60%。公共养老金和收益的好处是执政的2大收入来源的老人在日本,和企业收入和养老金份额从资产已迄今相对较低。2000新系统的实施,固定的贡献率在17.21%的收益,具有以下特点:a)为退休和B柔性年龄为现收现付部分允许的精算优势规范)资助系统利用名义收益率的受益者。

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