印第安纳大学伯明顿分校：文化旅游是一种旅游类型，主要包括已成为社会土著文化一部分的地方的文物、目的地和活动(Lippard, 1999)。值得注意的是，体验一个地方的文化遗产的目的并不是文化游客的主要动机。它提供了对土著文化的一瞥(Leslie, and Sigala, 2005)。本文旨在对文化旅游对个体社会生活质量影响的细微差别进行解释性分析。
从一个明显的角度来看，文化旅游似乎对所有相关利益相关者都是有益的。在这个过程中，生活质量似乎没有问题。然而，居民的生活质量也存在一些固有的问题。通常，与旅游相关的最常见的问题是实际执行。研究发现，旅游与居民生活质量之间的整合措施不足。为了吸引更多的游客，政府做了很多努力来迎合游客。在这个过程中，政府和社会开始忽视居民的需求。旅游目的地的居民和当地企业越来越依赖游客来维持。在许多情况下，人们发现季节性旅游给这个地方带来了很多收入。然而，常年维持对旅游业的严重依赖实际上对经济是有害的。在这些季节，对资源的需求增加了。这导致污染的增加和缺乏足够的资源。这些过度污染和资源使用的维修费用较高。这导致文化旅游景点失去了其原有的价值(Besculides, Lee & McCormick, 2002)。与这些地方相关的品牌形象或认知开始萎缩，并对经济产生影响。因此，过度强调旅游业对经济的负面影响。每个社会都应该有其他的收入方式来增加旅游业。还有另一种看法是，到这些地方旅游的游客对旅游业有好处。这不是真实的情况。Cultural tourism is a type of tourism that mainly encompasses cultural artifacts, destinations and events of the places that have become a part of the indigenous culture of the societies (Lippard, 1999). It should be noted that the purpose of experiencing the cultural heritage of a place is not the main motive of the cultural tourist. It offers a glimpse of the indigenous cultures (Leslie, and Sigala, 2005). The purpose of this essay is to develop an interpretative analysis of the nuances of quality of life impacts caused by cultural tourism in the individual societies.
From an apparent perspective, cultural tourism seems to be beneficial for all the stakeholders involved. It seems like there could be no issues in quality of life in this process. Nevertheless, there are some inherent issues to the quality of life of the residents.
Usually, the most common problem associated with tourism is the actual execution. It has been found that there is an inadequate measure of integration between tourism and residents quality of life. In an increased effort to bring in tourism, there are a lot of efforts undertaken by the government to cater to the tourist. In this process, governments and the societies start to overlook the needs of the residents. Residents and local businesses of the tourism destinations have increased dependence on travelers to sustain. In many instances, it has been found that seasonal tourism brings in a lot of income to the place. Nevertheless, for year round sustenance heavy dependence of tourism is actually detrimental to the economy. There is increased need of resources during these seasonal times. This leads to the increase in pollution and lack of adequate resources. Maintenance costs of these excess pollution and usage of resources are found to be higher. This leads to the cultural tourist locations loosing its original value (Besculides, Lee & McCormick, 2002). Brand image or the perception that is associated with these places starts to dwindle and impact the economy. Hence, economy is impacted negatively in cases of over emphasis on tourism. There should be other means of income for the individual societies to increase tourism. There is also another perception that the tourists who visit the places are a boon to the tourism industry. This is not the real situation.
印第安纳大学伯明顿分校：在这种情况下，生物多样性得不到维护。参观这些景点的游客并不了解这些文化习俗的真正影响。这导致他们有意无意地从事亵渎神明的活动(Robinson & Boniface, 1999)。这影响了居民的情绪。他们觉得自己被贬低了，并产生了在自己家乡受到虐待的感觉。这可能会影响社会未来的生计(Jeon, Kang & Desmarais, 2014)。游客流量的增加也表明犯罪和盗窃的增加。这并不意味着游客参与犯罪。它简单地表示交通流量的增加表明犯罪率的增加(Picard et al.， 1995)。这可能是由于各种各样的原因，但是犯罪率的增加影响了居民的生活质量。
因此，旅行社和政府应该了解文化旅游的内在问题，并找到解决这些问题的方法。发展其他增长部门，促进负责任的旅游和提高所有人的安全是为生活质量问题提出的解决方案(McKercher, Cros & McKercher, 2002)。
从这个分析中，很明显，旅游业有很多好处。它有助于经济、就业和基础设施的增长。人们也可以了解不同的文化。这些旅游活动计划的执行给居民和个人社会带来了问题。与这种文化旅游有关的生活质量问题包括资源减少、环境问题、游客季节性增加、对旅游的依赖性增加以及一些游客的亵渎行为和犯罪率上升。为了解决这些问题，政府应该制定负责任的旅游计划和发展其他增长部门。Biodiversity is not maintained in this scenario. Tourists who visit these destinations do not understand the real impact of the cultural practices. This leads them to undertake in sacrilegious activities knowingly or unknowingly (Robinson & Boniface, 1999). This impacts the residents emotionally. They feel devalued and develop a sense of being mistreated in their own hometowns. This can impact the future sustenance of the society (Jeon, Kang & Desmarais, 2014). Increase in traffic of tourists also shows that there is an increase in crime and theft. This does not mean that tourists engage in crime. It simply denotes the fact that increase in traffic shows increase in crime rate (Picard et al., 1995). This could be due to a variety of reasons, but this increase in crimes affects the quality of life of the residents.
Hence, tourism agency and government should understand the inherent issues of cultural tourism and find ways to handle these issues. Developing of other growth sectors, promoting responsible tourism and increased security for all people are the proposed solutions for the quality of life issues (McKercher, Cros & McKercher, 2002).
From this analysis, it is quite clear that there are numerous benefits associated with tourism. It helps in the growth of economy, employment, and infrastructural facilities. People can also gain insight into different culture. Execution of the plan of these tourism endeavors causes issues to the residents and individual societies. Quality of life issues with this cultural tourism are the reduced resources, environmental issues, seasonal increase of tourists, increased dependence on tourism, and sacrilegious activities of some tourist and increase in crime rate. To combat these issues, governments should develop responsible tourism plan and develop other growth sectors.
